Mao’s Three Economic Programs Explained | Generated by AI

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Question: What are the three major economic programs of the New Democratic Revolution?

Answer:

The three major economic programs (三大经济纲领) of China’s New Democratic Revolution, as systematically summarized by Mao Zedong and the Communist Party of China, are:

  1. Confiscation of the land of the feudal landlord class and its distribution to the peasants
    （没收封建地主阶级的土地归农民所有）
    This is the main content and central task of the New Democratic Revolution. It aims to thoroughly eliminate the feudal land ownership system and solve the most fundamental peasant land problem.

  2. Confiscation of bureaucratic monopoly capital and its transfer to the new-democratic state ownership
    （没收官僚资产阶级的垄断资本归新民主主义国家所有）
    This targets the big bourgeoisie that is dependent on imperialism and closely tied to the Kuomintang reactionary regime (comprador-feudal big bourgeoisie / bureaucratic bourgeoisie), confiscating their monopoly capital to form the leading state-owned economy of the new-democratic society.

  3. Protection of national industry and commerce
    （保护民族工商业）
    This is the most distinctive feature of the New Democratic economic program. It clearly distinguishes the New Democratic Revolution from the socialist revolution by protecting the legitimate private capitalist economy that does not belong to bureaucratic monopoly capital, allowing national industry and commerce to continue to exist and develop within certain limits under the new-democratic regime.

These three economic programs were most classically and authoritatively summarized in Mao Zedong’s works such as “On New Democracy” (1940), “On Coalition Government” (1945), and especially in the later systematic expositions in textbooks of the history of the CPC and the Chinese Revolution.

The content you provided in the reference answer is basically correct and consistent with mainstream academic and official formulations in China.

References:

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