Traceroute Output | Generated by AI

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Let’s break down the traceroute output you provided step-by-step to explain what’s happening as packets travel from your device to the destination IP 5.223.56.128. This will give you insight into the network path, latency, and potential issues.

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Traceroute Output Overview

traceroute to 5.223.56.128 (5.223.56.128), 64 hops max, 40 byte packets

• Destination: 5.223.56.128 (an IP hosted by Hetzner, a German hosting provider, likely in Singapore based on later hops).
• Max Hops: 64 (the maximum number of routers it will check before giving up).
• Packet Size: 40 bytes (small packets used for testing).

Each line after this represents a “hop”—a router or network device the packets pass through. For each hop, traceroute sends three packets and reports the round-trip time (RTT) in milliseconds (ms). An asterisk (*) means no response was received from that hop for a given packet.

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Step-by-Step Analysis of the Hops

Hop 1: 192.168.1.1

• IP: 192.168.1.1
• RTT: 5.559 ms, 11.997 ms, 21.309 ms
• Explanation: This is your local router (e.g., home Wi-Fi router). The private IP range (192.168.x.x) indicates it’s the gateway between your device and the internet. Latency varies a bit, likely due to local network conditions, but it’s normal for a first hop.

Hop 2: 172.16.0.1

• IP: 172.16.0.1
• RTT: 38.046 ms, 12.893 ms, 56.628 ms
• Explanation: Another private IP, likely your ISP’s gateway or a router within your local network/ISP infrastructure. The jump in latency (up to 56 ms) suggests some processing delay or congestion at this point.

Hop 3: 183.233.55.49

• IP: 183.233.55.49
• RTT: 20.697 ms, *, *
• Explanation: A public IP, likely your ISP’s edge router. The asterisks indicate two of the three packets didn’t get a response—possibly due to the router being configured to ignore ICMP (traceroute’s default protocol) or packet loss. The single response shows decent latency.

Hop 4: 221.179.3.240

• IP: 221.179.3.240
• RTT: 46.502 ms, *, *
• Explanation: Another ISP router, possibly further into their backbone. Similar to Hop 3, incomplete responses suggest filtering or loss. The IP range hints at an East Asian provider (e.g., China Telecom).

Hop 5: 221.183.39.149

• IP: 221.183.39.149
• RTT: 12.856 ms, 20.195 ms, 18.038 ms
• Explanation: Consistent responses here indicate a stable hop, likely still within your ISP’s network or a regional backbone. Latency is low and steady.

Hop 6: 221.183.166.214

• IP: 221.183.166.214
• RTT: 74.472 ms, 19.741 ms, 23.818 ms
• Explanation: Another backbone router. The spike to 74 ms on one packet suggests temporary congestion or a longer physical distance, but it stabilizes after.

Hop 7: Multiple IPs

• IPs: 221.183.92.214, 221.183.92.206
• RTT: 48.610 ms, 40.202 ms, 30.306 ms
• Explanation: Two different IPs respond, indicating load balancing or multiple paths (common in large networks). Latency remains moderate.

Hop 8: Multiple IPs

• IPs: 221.183.92.202, 221.183.92.194
• RTT: *, 56.206 ms, 58.094 ms
• Explanation: More load balancing. The missing response (*) could be packet loss or filtering, but the path continues.

Hop 9: Multiple IPs

• IPs: 223.120.2.233, 223.120.14.233
• RTT: 85.018 ms, 75.889 ms, 79.221 ms
• Explanation: Higher latency suggests this is a major transit point, possibly an international gateway. The IPs are from a global provider (e.g., China Telecom’s international segment).

Hop 10: 223.118.6.89

• IP: 223.118.6.89
• RTT: 103.568 ms, 108.865 ms, 97.867 ms
• Explanation: Latency increases, indicating a longer distance—likely crossing continents or oceans (e.g., an undersea cable).

Hop 11: port-channel6.core3.tyo1.he.net (184.105.213.118)

• IP: 184.105.213.118
• RTT: *, *, 208.018 ms
• Explanation: This is a Hurricane Electric (he.net) core router in Tokyo (tyo1 = Tokyo). The jump to 208 ms confirms an international hop, likely from your region to Japan. Partial responses suggest filtering.

Hops 12-13: * * *

• Explanation: No responses at all. These could be routers blocking ICMP entirely or a segment where packets are silently forwarded. The trace continues, so it’s not a dead end.

Hop 14: spine1.cloud1.sin.hetzner.com, spine2.cloud1.sin.hetzner.com

• IPs: 5.223.0.82, 5.223.0.86
• RTT: 133.264 ms, 114.375 ms, 123.125 ms
• Explanation: Hetzner’s spine routers in Singapore (sin = Singapore). Latency drops slightly from Tokyo, indicating a regional hop. These are backbone devices in Hetzner’s cloud infrastructure.

Hop 15: * * *

• Explanation: Another silent hop, likely internal to Hetzner’s network, filtering responses.

Hop 16: 26832.your-cloud.host (5.223.8.144)

• IP: 5.223.8.144
• RTT: 126.635 ms, *, *
• Explanation: An intermediate server in Hetzner’s cloud, possibly a gateway to the final destination. Partial responses again.

Hop 17: static.128.56.223.5.clients.your-server.de (5.223.56.128)

• IP: 5.223.56.128
• RTT: 110.637 ms, 131.084 ms, 105.229 ms
• Explanation: The target IP! This is the final destination, a Hetzner-hosted server. Latency stabilizes around 110-130 ms, typical for a cloud server in Singapore from a distant starting point.

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Key Observations

1. Path Summary:
   • Starts at your local router (Hop 1).
   • Moves through your ISP’s network (Hops 2-10).
   • Hits an international transit point (Hop 11, Tokyo via Hurricane Electric).
   • Lands in Singapore at Hetzner’s data center (Hops 14-17).
2. Latency Trends:
   • Low initially (5-20 ms locally).
   • Rises with distance (100-200 ms internationally).
   • Stabilizes at the target (110-130 ms).
3. Asterisks (*):
   • Common in traceroute—some routers block ICMP or prioritize traffic over responding. It doesn’t mean the path is broken since you reached the destination.
4. Geographical Insight:
   • Your starting point is likely in East Asia (based on early IPs like 221.x.x.x).
   • The path goes through Tokyo (Hop 11) before reaching Singapore (Hop 14), suggesting a typical Asia-Pacific routing.

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What This Tells You

• Network Health: The trace completes successfully, so the path is functional. Latency is reasonable for an international route (e.g., East Asia to Singapore).
• Potential Bottlenecks: Hops 9-11 show a latency jump (75 ms to 208 ms), likely due to crossing regions or continents.
• ISP Behavior: Your ISP uses private IPs early on and filters some ICMP responses (Hops 3-4).

If you want to dig deeper (e.g., analyze packet loss or test alternate protocols like TCP), let me know, and I can suggest advanced traceroute tweaks!

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Let’s analyze the traceroute output to 157.180.40.2 step-by-step, similar to the previous example. This will reveal the network path from your device to the destination, along with latency trends and notable observations.

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Traceroute Output Overview

traceroute to 157.180.40.2 (157.180.40.2), 64 hops max, 40 byte packets

• Destination: 157.180.40.2 (a Hetzner-hosted IP, likely in Helsinki, Finland, based on later hops).
• Max Hops: 64 (maximum routers checked).
• Packet Size: 40 bytes (standard for traceroute).

Each line lists a hop with three RTT (round-trip time) measurements in milliseconds (ms). Asterisks (*) indicate no response from a hop for a given packet.

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Step-by-Step Analysis of the Hops

Hop 1: 192.168.1.1

• IP: 192.168.1.1
• RTT: 3.122 ms, 3.636 ms, 2.851 ms
• Explanation: Your local router (e.g., home gateway). The private IP and low, consistent latency (2-3 ms) are typical for the first hop.

Hop 2: 172.16.0.1

• IP: 172.16.0.1
• RTT: 9.693 ms, 11.117 ms, 16.730 ms
• Explanation: Another private IP, likely your ISP’s local gateway. Latency increases slightly (up to 16 ms), suggesting minor processing or network delay.

Hop 3: * * *

• Explanation: No responses. This hop (probably an ISP router) is blocking ICMP packets (traceroute’s default protocol) or dropping them. The trace continues, so it’s not a connectivity issue.

Hop 4: 221.179.3.240

• IP: 221.179.3.240
• RTT: 9.904 ms, *, *
• Explanation: A public IP in your ISP’s network (same as in your previous trace, likely China Telecom). Only one response, indicating partial ICMP filtering or packet loss.

Hop 5: 221.183.39.149

• IP: 221.183.39.149
• RTT: 12.170 ms, 11.068 ms, 10.183 ms
• Explanation: Another ISP router, with stable, low latency. This suggests smooth transit within your provider’s backbone.

Hop 6: Multiple IPs

• IPs: 221.183.167.30, 221.183.166.214
• RTT: 17.456 ms, 20.679 ms, 22.798 ms
• Explanation: Load balancing—two IPs respond, both within the same network (likely China Telecom). Latency remains low and consistent.

Hop 7: Multiple IPs

• IPs: 221.183.92.214, 221.183.92.206
• RTT: 24.725 ms, 21.415 ms, 23.450 ms
• Explanation: More load balancing in the ISP’s backbone. Latency creeps up slightly but stays stable.

Hop 8: Multiple IPs

• IPs: 221.183.92.190, 221.183.92.198
• RTT: 33.919 ms, 20.247 ms, 24.568 ms
• Explanation: Continued load balancing. The 33.919 ms spike on one packet suggests temporary congestion, but it’s not a trend.

Hop 9: 223.120.14.253

• IP: 223.120.14.253
• RTT: 211.082 ms, 210.044 ms, 207.538 ms
• Explanation: A major latency jump (from ~24 ms to ~210 ms) indicates an international transit point. This IP is part of a global backbone (e.g., China Telecom’s exit to Europe or North America).

Hop 10: Multiple IPs

• IPs: 223.120.11.58, 223.120.10.226
• RTT: 266.074 ms, 267.719 ms, 253.133 ms
• Explanation: Further latency increase (up to 267 ms). This is likely a handoff to another provider, possibly crossing continents (e.g., Asia to Europe).

Hop 11: 195.66.227.209

• IP: 195.66.227.209
• RTT: 257.760 ms, 242.453 ms, *
• Explanation: This IP belongs to the London Internet Exchange (LINX), a major peering point in the UK. The path has now reached Europe, with latency stabilizing around 250 ms.

Hops 12-13: * * *

• Explanation: Silent hops—routers here (likely in Europe) are blocking ICMP responses. The trace continues, so packets are still moving.

Hop 14: core32.hel1.hetzner.com, core31.hel1.hetzner.com

• IPs: 213.239.254.65, 213.239.254.57
• RTT: 262.416 ms, 263.118 ms, *
• Explanation: Hetzner’s core routers in Helsinki (hel1 = Helsinki 1 data center). Latency remains around 260 ms, consistent with a transcontinental route.

Hop 15: * * *

• Explanation: Another silent hop, likely internal to Hetzner’s network.

Hop 16: spine2.cloud1.hel1.hetzner.com, spine1.cloud1.hel1.hetzner.com

• IPs: 213.239.228.50, 213.239.228.46
• RTT: 262.097 ms, 256.259 ms, 253.977 ms
• Explanation: Spine routers in Hetzner’s Helsinki cloud infrastructure. Stable latency indicates you’re now deep in their network.

Hop 17: * * *

• Explanation: Another internal hop with no response.

Hop 18: 12967.your-cloud.host (95.216.128.101)

• IP: 95.216.128.101
• RTT: 259.613 ms, 263.746 ms, 325.144 ms
• Explanation: A Hetzner cloud server acting as a gateway. The 325 ms spike suggests temporary congestion or processing delay.

Hop 19: static.2.40.180.157.clients.your-server.de (157.180.40.2)

• IP: 157.180.40.2
• RTT: 251.197 ms, *, 250.451 ms
• Explanation: The destination! A Hetzner server in Helsinki. Latency stabilizes around 250-260 ms, reasonable for a long-distance connection.

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Key Observations

1. Path Summary:
   • Starts at your local router (Hop 1).
   • Moves through your ISP’s network (Hops 2-8, likely in East Asia).
   • Exits via an international gateway (Hop 9-10).
   • Hits London (Hop 11) for peering.
   • Ends in Helsinki at Hetzner’s data center (Hops 14-19).
2. Latency Trends:
   • Low locally (3-24 ms in Hops 1-8).
   • Jumps sharply at Hop 9 (210 ms) due to international routing.
   • Peaks at 267 ms (Hop 10), then stabilizes around 250-260 ms in Europe.
3. Asterisks (*):
   • Frequent non-responses (Hops 3, 12, 13, 15, 17) indicate ICMP filtering, common in ISP and data center networks. It doesn’t affect connectivity.
4. Geographical Insight:
   • You’re likely in East Asia (early IPs like 221.x.x.x suggest China).
   • The path crosses to London (Hop 11) before reaching Helsinki (Hop 14), a common route for Asia-to-Europe traffic.

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Comparison to Previous Trace (5.223.56.128)

• Destination: Previous was Singapore (5.223.56.128); this is Helsinki (157.180.40.2).
• Latency: Singapore had 110-130 ms; Helsinki has 250-260 ms, reflecting the greater distance.
• Routing: Singapore went via Tokyo; Helsinki goes via London, showing different transit paths.

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What This Tells You

• Network Health: The trace completes, so the connection is solid. Latency is higher than to Singapore, expected for a farther destination.
• Bottleneck: The big jump at Hop 9 (210 ms) marks the shift to international routing—likely the slowest link (e.g., undersea cable).
• ISP Behavior: Similar to the last trace, your ISP filters ICMP early on but ensures stable transit.

If you’d like to test for packet loss or tweak the trace (e.g., use TCP instead of ICMP), let me know!

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Let’s break down the traceroute output to hkah9e.mry.best (resolving to 47.240.83.15) step-by-step, analyzing the network path, latency, and key observations.

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Traceroute Output Overview

traceroute to hkah9e.mry.best (47.240.83.15), 64 hops max, 40 byte packets

• Destination: hkah9e.mry.best (IP: 47.240.83.15), hosted by Alibaba Cloud, likely in Hong Kong based on latency and IP allocation.
• Max Hops: 64 (maximum routers checked).
• Packet Size: 40 bytes (standard for traceroute).

Each line represents a hop with three RTT (round-trip time) measurements in milliseconds (ms). Asterisks (*) indicate no response from a hop for a given packet.

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Step-by-Step Analysis of the Hops

Hop 1: 192.168.1.1

• IP: 192.168.1.1
• RTT: 4.272 ms, 4.229 ms, 3.097 ms
• Explanation: Your local router (e.g., home Wi-Fi router). The private IP and low latency (3-4 ms) are typical for the first hop.

Hop 2: 172.16.0.1

• IP: 172.16.0.1
• RTT: 11.514 ms, 10.048 ms, 10.093 ms
• Explanation: Another private IP, likely your ISP’s local gateway. Latency increases slightly to ~10-11 ms, which is normal for an ISP handoff.

Hop 3: 183.233.55.53

• IP: 183.233.55.53
• RTT: 11.520 ms, *, *
• Explanation: A public IP in your ISP’s network (likely China Telecom, based on the range). Only one response suggests partial ICMP filtering or packet loss.

Hop 4: 221.179.3.239

• IP: 221.179.3.239
• RTT: *, *, 24.485 ms
• Explanation: Another ISP router (China Telecom). The single response with higher latency (24 ms) indicates a further step into the ISP’s backbone, with some packets dropped or filtered.

Hop 5: Multiple IPs

• IPs: 221.183.174.41, 221.183.39.145
• RTT: 12.993 ms, 18.718 ms, 15.608 ms
• Explanation: Load balancing—two IPs respond, both within China Telecom’s network. Latency stabilizes around 12-18 ms, showing consistent transit.

Hop 6: 221.183.89.241

• IP: 221.183.89.241
• RTT: *, 12.381 ms, 10.828 ms
• Explanation: Another backbone router. Partial responses suggest ICMP filtering, but latency remains low (~11-12 ms).

Hop 7: 221.183.92.22

• IP: 221.183.92.22
• RTT: 15.709 ms, 11.748 ms, 11.824 ms
• Explanation: Stable hop within the ISP’s network. Latency is consistent at ~11-15 ms.

Hop 8: 221.183.55.81

• IP: 221.183.55.81
• RTT: 15.148 ms, 92.102 ms, 14.440 ms
• Explanation: A spike to 92 ms on one packet suggests temporary congestion or rerouting, but the other two responses (14-15 ms) indicate normal performance.

Hop 9: Multiple IPs

• IPs: 223.120.2.85, 223.120.2.77, 223.120.2.81
• RTT: 24.204 ms, 35.541 ms, 25.781 ms
• Explanation: Load balancing again, likely at a regional transit point (China Telecom’s backbone). Latency increases slightly to 24-35 ms, suggesting a shift toward an external network.

Hop 10: 223.120.2.118

• IP: 223.120.2.118
• RTT: 36.862 ms, 50.470 ms, 41.417 ms
• Explanation: Another transit hop, with latency rising to 36-50 ms. This could be the edge of your ISP’s network, preparing to hand off to another provider.

Hop 11: 223.119.21.170

• IP: 223.119.21.170
• RTT: 30.239 ms, 41.316 ms, 31.228 ms
• Explanation: Likely still within a regional backbone (China Telecom). Latency fluctuates slightly but stays low (30-41 ms).

Hop 12: 47.246.115.109

• IP: 47.246.115.109
• RTT: 36.416 ms, *, *
• Explanation: An Alibaba Cloud IP (47.246.x.x range). This is the handoff from your ISP to Alibaba’s network, likely in Hong Kong. Partial responses indicate filtering.

Hop 13: 47.246.116.53

• IP: 47.246.116.53
• RTT: *, 40.377 ms, *
• Explanation: Another Alibaba Cloud hop, deeper in their infrastructure. Latency remains ~40 ms, consistent with a regional connection.

Hops 14-15: * * *

• Explanation: Silent hops—routers in Alibaba’s network blocking ICMP responses. The trace continues, so packets are still moving.

Hop 16: 47.240.83.15

• IP: 47.240.83.15
• RTT: 35.486 ms, *, 39.800 ms
• Explanation: The destination! This is hkah9e.mry.best, an Alibaba Cloud server. Latency stabilizes at 35-40 ms, typical for a nearby regional connection (e.g., Hong Kong from East Asia).

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Key Observations

1. Path Summary:
   • Starts at your local router (Hop 1).
   • Moves through your ISP’s network (Hops 2-11, likely China Telecom).
   • Hands off to Alibaba Cloud (Hop 12) and ends in their Hong Kong infrastructure (Hop 16).
2. Latency Trends:
   • Low locally (3-15 ms in Hops 1-7).
   • Rises slightly (24-50 ms in Hops 9-13) as it exits your ISP.
   • Stabilizes at 35-40 ms at the destination, indicating a short regional hop.
3. Asterisks (*):
   • Frequent non-responses (Hops 3, 4, 6, 12-15) show ICMP filtering, common in ISP and cloud networks. It doesn’t affect connectivity.
4. Geographical Insight:
   • You’re likely in East Asia (early IPs like 221.x.x.x suggest China).
   • The destination is in Hong Kong (Alibaba Cloud’s 47.240.x.x range and low latency of 35-40 ms support this).

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Comparison to Previous Traces

• Singapore (5.223.56.128): 110-130 ms, via Tokyo.
• Helsinki (157.180.40.2): 250-260 ms, via London.
• Hong Kong (47.240.83.15): 35-40 ms, direct regional route.
• Insight: Latency correlates with distance—Hong Kong is closest, Singapore intermediate, and Helsinki farthest from your likely East Asian location.

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What This Tells You

• Network Health: The trace completes with low latency (35-40 ms), indicating a fast, stable connection to Hong Kong.
• No Major Bottlenecks: Unlike the international traces, latency stays low throughout, with no sharp jumps.
• ISP Behavior: Consistent with prior traces—early ICMP filtering but reliable transit.

If you want to explore further (e.g., test packet loss or use TCP mode), let me know!

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Let’s analyze the traceroute output to n3twz3.mry.best (resolving to 114.41.26.172) step-by-step, examining the network path, latency, and key details.

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Traceroute Output Overview

traceroute to n3twz3.mry.best (114.41.26.172), 64 hops max, 40 byte packets

• Destination: n3twz3.mry.best (IP: 114.41.26.172), hosted by Chunghwa Telecom (Hinet) in Taiwan.
• Max Hops: 64 (maximum routers checked).
• Packet Size: 40 bytes (standard for traceroute).

Each line shows a hop with three RTT (round-trip time) measurements in milliseconds (ms). Asterisks (*) indicate no response from a hop for a given packet.

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Step-by-Step Analysis of the Hops

Hop 1: 192.168.1.1

• IP: 192.168.1.1
• RTT: 3.957 ms, 9.621 ms, 24.882 ms
• Explanation: Your local router (e.g., home gateway). The private IP and variable latency (3-24 ms) are typical, with the spike possibly due to local traffic or processing.

Hop 2: 172.16.0.1

• IP: 172.16.0.1
• RTT: 9.683 ms, 8.315 ms, 5.744 ms
• Explanation: Your ISP’s local gateway (private IP). Latency settles around 5-9 ms, normal for this step.

Hop 3: 183.233.55.53

• IP: 183.233.55.53
• RTT: 7.914 ms, *, *
• Explanation: A public IP in your ISP’s network (likely China Telecom). Only one response suggests ICMP filtering or packet loss.

Hop 4: 221.179.3.239

• IP: 221.179.3.239
• RTT: 18.088 ms, *, *
• Explanation: Another China Telecom router. Latency rises to 18 ms, with partial responses indicating filtering.

Hop 5: 221.183.39.145

• IP: 221.183.39.145
• RTT: 18.512 ms, 22.371 ms, 20.114 ms
• Explanation: Stable hop in the ISP’s backbone. Latency is consistent at ~18-22 ms.

Hop 6: * * *

• Explanation: No responses—likely an ISP router blocking ICMP. The trace continues, so connectivity isn’t affected.

Hop 7: Multiple IPs

• IPs: 221.183.92.18, 221.183.92.22
• RTT: 15.532 ms, 17.851 ms, 11.492 ms
• Explanation: Load balancing within China Telecom’s network. Latency drops slightly to 11-17 ms.

Hop 8: 221.183.55.81

• IP: 221.183.55.81
• RTT: 14.950 ms, 17.174 ms, *
• Explanation: Another backbone router. Latency remains low (~14-17 ms), with one packet dropped or filtered.

Hop 9: Multiple IPs

• IPs: 223.120.2.77, 223.120.2.85, 223.120.2.101
• RTT: 36.937 ms, 22.612 ms, 38.800 ms
• Explanation: Load balancing at a transit point (China Telecom’s regional backbone). Latency increases to 22-38 ms, suggesting a shift toward an external network.

Hop 10: 223.120.3.90

• IP: 223.120.3.90
• RTT: 22.939 ms, 21.889 ms, *
• Explanation: Another transit hop. Latency stabilizes at ~22 ms, with one non-response.

Hop 11: 223.119.21.178

• IP: 223.119.21.178
• RTT: 59.429 ms, 61.462 ms, 56.422 ms
• Explanation: Latency jumps to ~56-61 ms, indicating an international handoff (likely China Telecom’s exit to Taiwan).

Hop 12: Multiple IPs

• IPs: 220.128.7.34, 220.128.7.170, 220.128.7.166
• Names: 220-128-7-34.pcpd-4102.hinet.net, etc.
• RTT: 56.696 ms, 66.389 ms, 54.760 ms
• Explanation: Entry into Chunghwa Telecom (Hinet) in Taiwan. The .hinet.net domain confirms this. Latency remains ~55-66 ms, consistent with a regional hop.

Hop 13: * * *

• Explanation: Silent hop—likely a Hinet router blocking ICMP responses.

Hop 14: Multiple IPs

• IPs: 220.128.13.49, 220.128.13.17
• Names: 220-128-13-49.chch-3032.hinet.net, etc.
• RTT: *, 44.834 ms, 46.486 ms
• Explanation: Deeper in Hinet’s network. Latency drops slightly to 44-46 ms, indicating a stable segment.

Hop 15: Multiple IPs

• IPs: 220.128.20.77, 220.128.20.81, 220.128.20.65
• Names: 220-128-20-77.chch-3331.hinet.net, etc.
• RTT: 69.628 ms, 46.463 ms, 53.779 ms
• Explanation: Load balancing in Hinet’s infrastructure. Latency fluctuates (46-69 ms), possibly due to internal routing or congestion.

Hops 16-17: * * *

• Explanation: Silent hops—more Hinet routers filtering ICMP. The trace continues.

Hop 18: 114.41.26.172

• IP: 114.41.26.172
• Name: 114-41-26-172.dynamic-ip.hinet.net
• RTT: 58.726 ms, 72.539 ms, 56.788 ms
• Explanation: The destination! A dynamic IP on Hinet’s network in Taiwan. Latency stabilizes at 56-72 ms, typical for a regional connection.

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Key Observations

1. Path Summary:
   • Starts at your local router (Hop 1).
   • Moves through your ISP’s network (Hops 2-10, likely China Telecom).
   • Hands off to Chunghwa Telecom (Hop 12) and ends in Taiwan (Hop 18).
2. Latency Trends:
   • Low locally (3-22 ms in Hops 1-10).
   • Jumps at Hop 11 (56-61 ms) due to the international shift to Taiwan.
   • Stabilizes at 56-72 ms at the destination.
3. Asterisks (*):
   • Frequent non-responses (Hops 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 13, 16-17) indicate ICMP filtering by both ISPs, but connectivity remains intact.
4. Geographical Insight:
   • You’re likely in East Asia (China, based on 221.x.x.x IPs).
   • The destination is in Taiwan (Hinet’s 114.41.x.x range and 56-72 ms latency suggest proximity).

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Comparison to Previous Traces

• Hong Kong (47.240.83.15): 35-40 ms (Alibaba Cloud).
• Taiwan (114.41.26.172): 56-72 ms (Hinet).
• Singapore (5.223.56.128): 110-130 ms (Hetzner).
• Helsinki (157.180.40.2): 250-260 ms (Hetzner).
• Insight: Latency increases with distance—Hong Kong is closest, followed by Taiwan, then Singapore, and Helsinki is farthest.

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What This Tells You

• Network Health: The trace completes with moderate latency (56-72 ms), indicating a reliable regional connection to Taiwan.
• Bottleneck: The jump at Hop 11 (56-61 ms) marks the international link (e.g., China to Taiwan via undersea cable).
• ISP Behavior: Consistent with prior traces—China Telecom filters ICMP early, then hands off smoothly.

If you’d like to investigate further (e.g., packet loss or alternate protocols), let me know!

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