Carbohydrates | Generated by AI

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Carbohydrates, often called carbs, are one of the three main macronutrients that your body needs to function properly (the other two are proteins and fats). They are the body’s primary source of energy.

Here’s a breakdown of what carbohydrates are:

Chemically Speaking:

Types of Carbohydrates:

Carbohydrates are broadly classified into two main categories based on their chemical structure and how quickly the body digests and absorbs them:

  1. Simple Carbohydrates (Sugars): These are made up of one or two sugar molecules. They are easily digested and absorbed, leading to a quicker rise in blood sugar.
    • Monosaccharides: These are single sugar units. Examples include:
      • Glucose: The body’s main source of energy; often called blood sugar.
      • Fructose: Found in fruits, honey, and some vegetables.
      • Galactose: Found in milk and dairy products.
    • Disaccharides: These are made up of two sugar units linked together. Examples include:
      • Sucrose: Table sugar (glucose + fructose).
      • Lactose: Milk sugar (glucose + galactose).
      • Maltose: Found in malted grains (glucose + glucose).
  2. Complex Carbohydrates (Polysaccharides): These are made up of long chains of sugar molecules linked together. They take longer for the body to break down into glucose, providing a more sustained release of energy. They are generally more nutrient-dense and higher in fiber than simple carbohydrates.
    • Starches: Found in starchy vegetables (potatoes, corn, peas), grains (bread, pasta, rice), and legumes (beans, lentils).
    • Fiber: A type of complex carbohydrate that the body cannot digest. It’s essential for digestive health, helps regulate blood sugar and cholesterol levels, and promotes feelings of fullness. Found in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes, nuts, and seeds.
    • Glycogen: The storage form of glucose in animals, found in the liver and muscles.

Where are Carbohydrates Found in Food?

Carbohydrates are found in a wide variety of foods, including:

Function of Carbohydrates in the Body:

Choosing Carbohydrates Wisely:

While carbohydrates are essential, the type and quality of carbohydrates you consume matter for your health. It’s generally recommended to prioritize:

Limit your intake of:

In summary, carbohydrates are a diverse group of organic compounds that serve as the body’s primary energy source. Understanding the different types of carbohydrates and choosing nutrient-rich sources is crucial for maintaining good health.


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