Installing Oracle 12c on Ubuntu | Generated by AI

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Installing Oracle Database 12c Release 1 (12.1.0.2 with patch 12.1.2?) from Tarball on Ubuntu 22.04 x86_64

The file v12.1.2_linuxx64_server_dec.tar.gz appears to be a tarball for Oracle Database 12c Release 1 (likely version 12.1.0.2 bundled with the 12.1.2 patch, server edition, possibly “dec” for deconfigured). This is an older version of Oracle Database (from ~2013-2014), and Oracle does not officially support Ubuntu. Installation on Ubuntu 22.04 (which uses modern libraries like glibc 2.35) can work but may require workarounds for compatibility issues, such as library linking or kernel parameters. Expect potential errors with dependencies—test in a VM first.

Warnings:

Step 1: Prepare Your System

  1. Update Ubuntu: 
    sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -y
  2. Install Required Dependencies: Oracle 12c needs specific libraries. Install them via apt: 
    sudo apt install -y oracle-java8-installer bc binutils libaio1 libaio-dev libelf-dev libnuma-dev libstdc++6 unixodbc unixodbc-dev
    • If oracle-java8-installer isn’t available (it’s in older repos), add Oracle’s Java PPA or download JDK 8 manually: 
      sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/java -y
sudo apt update
sudo apt install oracle-java8-installer -y

      Accept the license during installation. Set JAVA_HOME:

      echo 'export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-8-oracle' >> ~/.bashrc
source ~/.bashrc
  3. Create Oracle User and Groups: Run as root or with sudo: 
    sudo groupadd -g 54321 oinstall
sudo groupadd -g 54322 dba
sudo useradd -u 54321 -g oinstall -G dba -s /bin/bash oracle
sudo passwd oracle  # Set a password for the oracle user
  4. Configure Kernel Parameters: Edit /etc/sysctl.conf: 
    sudo nano /etc/sysctl.conf

    Add these lines (adjust for your RAM/disk; these are minimums):

    fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.shmall = 1073741824
kernel.shmmax = 4398046511104
kernel.panic_on_oops = 1
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
vm.swappiness = 0

    Apply changes:

    sudo sysctl -p
  5. Set Shell Limits for Oracle User: Edit /etc/security/limits.conf: 
    sudo nano /etc/security/limits.conf

    Add:

    oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle soft stack 10240
oracle hard stack 32768

    Edit /etc/pam.d/login and add:

    sudo nano /etc/pam.d/login

    Append: session required pam_limits.so

  6. Create Directories: 
    sudo mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1
sudo mkdir -p /u01/app/oraInventory
sudo chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01
sudo chmod -R 775 /u01
  7. Swap Space (if RAM < 8 GB, add swap): For 2 GB RAM, create 2 GB swapfile: 
    sudo fallocate -l 2G /swapfile
sudo chmod 600 /swapfile
sudo mkswap /swapfile
sudo swapon /swapfile
echo '/swapfile none swap sw 0 0' | sudo tee -a /etc/fstab
  8. Disable Firewall/SElinux (if enabled): 
    sudo ufw disable  # Or configure ports 1521, 5500 if needed
sudo apt remove apparmor -y  # If AppArmor interferes

Step 2: Extract the Tarball

Switch to the oracle user:

su - oracle
cd ~/Downloads  # Or wherever the file is

Extract (this creates the database home directory structure):

tar -xzf v12.1.2_linuxx64_server_dec.tar.gz -C /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/

Step 3: Run the Installer

Still as oracle user:

cd /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1
./runInstaller

If GUI fails (e.g., DISPLAY error), run silent install:

./runInstaller -silent -responseFile /path/to/responsefile.rsp

You’ll need to prepare a response file (sample in the extracted dir, e.g., db_install.rsp). Edit it with your settings (ORACLE_HOME, etc.) and run.

Step 4: Post-Installation

  1. Run root.sh (as root): 
    sudo /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
sudo /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/root.sh
  2. Set Environment Variables (for oracle user, add to ~/.bash_profile): 
    export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
export ORACLE_SID=orcl  # Change to your SID
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib

    source ~/.bash_profile
  3. Create a Database (if not done during install): 
    dbca  # Database Configuration Assistant (GUI/silent)

    Or use SQL*Plus for manual creation.

  4. Start/Stop Services: 
    sqlplus / as sysdba
STARTUP;  # Or shutdown

    Add to systemd for auto-start (create /etc/systemd/system/oracle.service with exec to dbstart).

Troubleshooting Common Issues on Ubuntu 22.04

Verification

If you encounter specific errors, provide the log output for more help. For official (though RHEL-focused) docs, see Oracle’s 12c install guide. If this is for a different product (not DB), clarify the tarball contents!

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